A beautiful garden cannot be imagined without shrubs and trees that should adorn it. Any garden will look boring if landscape design is not well thought out. Living vegetation performs several functions, it ennobles the territory, gives it a complete look.

Now many gardeners are acquiring ornamental shrubs for their backyard. They have become very popular, because almost the whole year they give us their bright colors. Properly selected shrubs create an excellent backdrop for flowers, often used as hedges. Types of plants, their planting is the main stage in the landscaping of the site. What kind of shrubs are they, what are their names, we will talk about this in our article.

Cultivated and wild shrubs

In such a large country as Russia, many different types of shrubs and trees, flowers and herbs grow. All these types can divided into two groups:

• cultural;
• wild.

The first group of wild ones includes those species that a person himself plants and then takes care of a shrub or tree. Wild vegetation grows by itself, there is no care for them. They can grow only in the area where they can develop well, with favorable natural conditions.

Cultivated plants need constant care. A person grows them to get a crop from a bush or tree, therefore takes care of them. Now decorative shrubs have become relevant for most gardeners. Without them, the garden will look dull and boring.

Shrubs for the garden

Many owners of suburban real estate are thinking about what type of shrub to choose for their site. There are species that are very demanding in care and they need certain climatic conditions. Most types of shrubs and trees are unpretentious, they can grow well in Russia under any weather conditions.

From an aesthetic point of view, the chosen view should have a beautiful and attractive appearance throughout the season or all year round. The shrub should have beautiful and lush crown which will draw attention to itself.

According to experts, it is necessary to choose seedlings considering how they will be in 3-4 years. They should have enough free space for normal development to decorate the garden. It is recommended to buy shrubs in containers with a closed root system. In this case, they can be planted at different times of the year. The most favorable time of the year for planting is considered to be late autumn, early spring or winter. At this time, they take root better and then develop.

Flowering ornamental trees and shrubs

Before choosing plants for your garden, you need to decide on the size of the plot. The most popular and relevant for most gardeners are flowering shrubs and trees. For almost the whole year they will give a good mood with their beauty. It is best to select those species that will bloom not at the same time, but at different times of the year.

Chinese lilac not as tall as the common species. A bush of such a lilac will bloom almost all spring, it is distinguished by large and bright inflorescences. The shrub perfectly tolerates harsh winters in Russia. If we are talking about wild-growing Chinese lilac, then it reproduces remarkably by seeds. Perfect for planting in the recreation area near the gazebo.

Weigela imported from the Far East. It blooms with small flowers of a pale pink color and it constantly changes during the flowering of the shrub. There are varieties with different flowering periods, they can have different heights of shoots and differ in the shade of flowers. Some varieties are very resistant to frost, but there are those that need a warm climate. Weigela loves fertile soil and well-lit places for planting, only under such conditions will she delight with bright, abundant flowers.

forsythia- This is a low shrub, during flowering, small yellow flowers appear on it. They appear almost immediately, as soon as the snow melts, and even before the leaves on the bush. She will delight for a long time with her bright colors in a dull garden after winter.

Rhododendron- it belongs to the heather family and is their largest representative. Such species are always used in the design of garden plots, flower arrangements. They look especially good together with coniferous species of shrubs or trees. Rhododendrons do not differ in large sizes in height, but in width they can actively grow. Some varieties need open areas, while others tolerate close-growing trees well. They are undemanding in care, but always look very impressive.

Honeysuckle- has long been used in garden plots, because it looks good in any direction of landscape design. In total, there are more than 200 types of honeysuckle in Russia, and 1/4 of it is considered wild. Curly honeysuckle will be an ideal decoration for any garden, as its flowers resemble asterisks in shape, which wrap around any support and continue to curl up.

They belong to those types of shrubs that can decorate a garden of any type. A beautifully flowering bush is unpretentious in care, it develops well in the sun and in partial shade, it is well cut. They are:

• summer flowering - bloom all summer with short pauses;
• spring flowering - bloom in May, their flowering period lasts 2-3 weeks.

Even in the autumn season, spireas continue to please the eye with their appearance. The maximum height of the plant is up to 2.5 meters, there are varieties that can grow up to only 0.5 meters.

Chubushnik- this species has another name - "fake jasmine". Feels great on any soil and pleases the eye with its flowering with white flowers in early summer. It is enough to plant it once, and it will grow without much care for many years. It has a wonderful aroma, can grow in the shade, easily tolerates any frost, but does not like excessive moisture. There are several varieties that bloom in different summer months, so you can plant more than one bush and inhale the aroma of white mock orange flowers all summer long.

Japanese loquat- refers to evergreen trees, can grow up to 5-6 meters tall. This is a rare ornamental plant that blooms in the winter season. Its fruits are edible and there are many varieties of medlar, but each species has a different taste of the fruit.

General rules for selection and care

It is desirable that the care of all planted plants does not take much time and effort. It is best when all shrubs and trees are unpretentious to various weather conditions. It is believed that the most acceptable option for a successful planting and further development of a shrub is to buy a seedling in a container.

Before buying any variety, you must first draw your site plan and think about where and how the plants will be located. Some species need lighted areas, this is very important for their development.

Many shrubs and trees need special care, so it is very important to know about this in advance. If there is no such opportunity and relevant experience, then it is better to refrain from buying.

Ornamental shrubs and trees help create an attractive look throughout the site. In addition, they are also of great benefit, protecting from the wind, do not allow weeds to grow. The main thing is to choose the right plants, provide them with regular care, and then they will give their beauty and aroma to the garden throughout the year.

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Rice. 1. Goat willow

Salix sargea L. is a tree up to 12 m tall from the willow family (Salicaceae) with large, broadly elliptical, rapidly pointed leaves, dark green above, with a bluish bloom below and densely pubescent (Fig. 1). Dioecious plant. Flowers small, without perianth. Male flowers are collected in large (up to 4 cm long) ovoid catkins, female - in smaller cylindrical catkins up to 2 cm long. The fruits are capsules with numerous seeds. Seeds are small, pubescent. Blossoms in March - April, before the leaves appear, the fruits ripen in May, the seeds are carried by the wind for a long distance.
Distributed in the European part of the USSR, in the Caucasus, Siberia and the Far East. In the Non-Chernozem region it is found everywhere. It grows in damp forests of different composition, mainly on rich soil. It grows well in clearings and edges.
The bark contains up to 21% tannins (average 16.5%). It is harvested on an industrial scale to obtain a high quality tanning extract, widely used in the leather industry for the development and dyeing of the best grades of leather. The wood is used for crafts and light buildings. Leaves containing up to 200 mg% of vitamin C can serve as a surrogate for tea; they are harvested as feed for sheep and goats (usually in the form of brooms).
In the river valleys, especially along the banks of the rivers, other tree and shrub species of willows are widespread and often form large thickets. The bark of all willows is rich in tannins, therefore it serves as a raw material in the tanning and extract industry.

Willow bark contains the glycoside salicin, which has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties. Due to this, decoctions of the bark taken from young shoots of willows are used internally and externally for rheumatism, gout, arthritis, inflammatory processes in the mouth, inflammation of the respiratory tract. Willow bark baths are believed to help combat excessive sweating of the feet. With a decoction of willow bark and burdock roots, they wash their hair with dandruff and itching, as well as to strengthen hair. Willow bark is part of the diaphoretic "tea" and charges for rinsing the mouth and throat. Earlier, when there was no quinine, willow bark was treated for malaria.
Young shoots of willows, which are distinguished by exceptional flexibility and sufficient strength, everywhere serve as a material for weaving all kinds of baskets, boxes, furniture, fences, etc. The basket willow - Salix viminalis L., which forms in the Non-Black Earth region along with other types of willows, is especially famous for the high quality of its twigs. thickets along the riverine parts of the floodplain for many kilometers. This is a large shrub up to 5 m tall with characteristic linear-lanceolate leaves, with a blade wrapped down along the edges, densely covered with silvery hairs below, and long (up to 7 cm) female catkins (Fig. 2).

All willows are excellent early honey plants, providing nectar and pollen during the spring time, which is important for the development of the bee colony. Many species reproduce well by cuttings, so willows are used to fix ravines, banks of water bodies, and road slopes. At the same time, an extremely primitive breeding method is used - willow stakes are driven into the ground in the right place in spring or autumn, they easily take root and sprout. Flowering willows are quite decorative.
Linden heart-leaved, or ordinary, - Tilia cordata Mill. - a tree up to 30 m tall from the linden family (Tiliaceae) with a wide crown and regular rounded leaves, pointed at the top and heart-shaped at the base. The flowers are white, very fragrant, collected 3-15 in inflorescences, located in the axils of the leaves along the entire length of the shoots. The axis of the inflorescence bears a recurved lanceolate cover leaf. Blossoms in June - July, pollinated by various insects. The fruits are nuts, ripen in September, crumble by spring along with the peduncle, and the covering leaf acts as a fly. Due to this, the fruits can be spread by the wind over a considerable distance, especially over snow crust.
Linden is distributed in the forest zone of the European part of the USSR, in the Crimea, the Caucasus, the Urals and in the south of Western Siberia. It occurs in all areas of the Non-Black Earth Region. It is common in broad-leaved and coniferous forests on moderately moist and rich soil. Pure lime forests are often associated with ravines and steep slopes of river valleys. In the taiga zone, linden often grows as a shrub and forms an undergrowth in spruce and fir forests.
Linden is widely cultivated far beyond the area of ​​its natural distribution. It is known for its smoke and dust protection properties, tolerates transplanting well in adulthood, lends itself to pruning and shaping, and is widely used in landscaping. Linden is one of the most important honey plants. One hectare of linden forest yields up to 1.5 tons of nectar or up to 800 kg of honey. One bee family in good years can collect up to 5 kg per day, and up to 50 kg of linden honey per season. The Volga and Bashkir linden forests are especially famous for their nectar-bearing - places of intensive beekeeping. Linden honey is of high quality, it is considered especially healing.
Linden is a well-known medicinal plant. Its inflorescences (linden blossom) are harvested in large quantities and consumed in the form of a hot decoction and infusion as a diaphoretic and antipyretic agent, as well as a bactericidal agent for rinsing the throat and mouth. A decoction of lime blossom has a calming effect on the nervous system, similar to valerian preparations. In many places it is very popular, they drink it instead of tea. Linden flowers contain essential oil, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, sugars. The leaves contain carotene, ascorbic acid, mucus,
over 12% carbohydrates. They have volatile activity, are used to prepare a vitamin drink, and can be a good antiscorbutic agent. Young leaves and emerging buds are eaten fresh.
Soft linden wood has long been used for various handicrafts - spoons, wooden utensils, troughs, tubs, beehives, etc. Sawdust and other wood waste in the ground form are fed to livestock, they contain a lot of carbohydrates. Bast from linden bark is used to make bast, matting, mats and various weaves. From the bark of young lindens - bast - they make boxes and various household utensils, twist ropes, and also weave bast shoes, which in the past were the main shoes of peasants in forest areas. The fruits contain a lot of fatty oil, close in quality to Provence, and in taste - to almond or peach. Flowers and essential oil from them are used in perfumery production and for flavoring drinks.
Alder sticky, or black, - Alnus glutinosa (L.j Gaertn. - high (up to 30 m) tree from the birch family (Betulaceae). Leaves are rounded, notched at the top, coarsely serrated along the edge. Flowers are dioecious. Male flowers in catkins up to 7 cm long, collected along 3-5 at ends of branches Female flowers in long-stalked catkins borne 3-5 at leaf axils Mature buds (commonly called cones) oblong-round,
up to 2 cm long. The fruits are flattened nuts with a narrow leathery wing. Blossoms in March - April, the fruits ripen in September - October, and scatter only in winter.
Distributed in the European part of the USSR and Western Siberia. In the Non-Chernozem region, it is found throughout the territory. Grows in swamps, banks of streams, rivers and lakes, mainly on light soils; in swampy floodplains of large rivers, it often forms vast impenetrable forests.
Alder wood is used in carpentry and furniture production, goes to the manufacture of plywood and matches. As a building material, it is used for piles, well log cabins, fixing posts for mines, etc. Alder firewood has a high calorific value, produces little soot, and is considered the best for smoking fish. When dry distilled, vinegar and charcoal are obtained from them.
All parts of the alder, especially the bark and female cones, contain tannins (5-9% in the bark, 14-16% in the cones). They are used for tanning and dyeing leathers yellow, red and black. Previously, they dyed wool and fabrics. In medicine, an infusion of cones and a dry extract of Thmelini prepared from them are used as an astringent for diarrhea, colitis and enterocolitis. A decoction of the cones is used to gargle with a cold. Alcoholic extract from the leaves of "Alglutin" is used as a laxative for chronic constipation. Bees collect pollen and resinous secretions on buds and leaves on alder, from which they produce bee glue - propolis, which in recent years has been used in medicine. Alder enriches the soil with nitrogen, as nitrogen-fixing actinomycetes settle in nodules on its roots.
The second type of alder, also quite widespread in the Non-Black Earth region, is gray alder - Alnus incana (L.) Moench - has many properties in common with sticky alder and is used on a par with it.

Abies sibirica Ledeb. - an evergreen coniferous tree up to 30 m tall from the pine family (Pinaceae) with a narrow conical crown and smooth dark gray bark (Fig. 3). The leaves (needles) are flat, with two light stripes on the underside. Male spikelets are located in the axils of the needles in the upper part of last year's shoots. Female cones develop from lateral buds and stand vertically singly near the ends of last year's shoots. Seeds 6-7 mm long, with a wedge-shaped wing. Cones disintegrate in September - October.
Distributed in the north-west of the European part of the USSR and in Siberia. In the Non-Chernozem region, it occurs only in the extreme northeast. Fir is the main forest-forming species of the dark coniferous taiga. Prefers well-drained, elevated locations, well tolerates flowing excess moisture.
Soft, tar-free fir wood is an important raw material for the pulp and paper industry and is used as a building material. It is used to make musical instruments. The bark contains tannins and essential oil. Fir oleoresin is used to produce "fir balsam", which replaces Canadian balsam from Canadian fir. Fir balsam is used in medicine as a wound healing agent, in optical production - for gluing lenses, and also as an immersion oil for microscopic studies.
Essential oil (content up to 4.75%) is distilled from coniferous branches (fir legs), from which synthetic camphor is obtained, used in medicine to stimulate cardiac activity and as a disinfectant, as well as in the perfume and soap industries. The needles contain up to 900 mg% of ascorbic acid, so the infusion of fir legs has long been used as an antiscorbutic agent.
Fir is very decorative, but it is completely unsuitable for breeding in industrial centers and large cities, as it is very sensitive to gases and soot. Long-term breeding work has made it possible to obtain hybrids between Siberian fir and Vicha fir, common in the mountains of Japan and having beautiful needles,
lush crown. In 1983, the State Commission for Variety Testing approved one variety of hybrid fir under the name "Pushkinskaya Original", recommended for zoning in the Moscow region.

Mountain ash- Sorbus aucuparia L. - a small tree up to 10 m tall from the Rosaceae family. The leaves are alternate, up to 10 cm long, pinnate, with 4-7 pairs of oblong serrate leaflets. Medium-sized white flowers with a strong smell are collected in corymbs up to 10 cm in diameter.

Inflorescences are located at the ends of shortened shoots. The fruits are spherical, about 1 cm in diameter, orange-red, juicy. Blossoms in May, the fruits ripen in August - September and remain mature on the tree until winter.
Distributed in the USSR on the territory of the European part and in the Caucasus. A common plant in all areas of the Non-Black Earth Region. Often found as an undergrowth in coniferous and mixed forests, it develops well in forest clearings and edges. It is widely bred in villages and cities.
Fruits are eaten fresh, especially after frost, when they lose their bitterness. They are widely used in the confectionery industry: they are used to make jam, marshmallow, candy filling, etc., as well as in the production of various drinks. Fruits contain sugars, more than 2% organic acids, pectins, vitamins A, P and C. They are used in medicine as a multivitamin agent, especially valuable for the prevention of beriberi, are part of vitamin collections, vitamin syrup is made from them. In folk medicine, the fruits of mountain ash are used as an appetite enhancer and mild laxative, and the flowers are used as a diaphoretic.
The reddish-brown rowan wood is used for small crafts and turning. The bark containing up to 14% tannins can serve as a tanning agent. Young branches and shoots are fed to livestock, and raw berries are fed to livestock and poultry. Good honey plant. As an ornamental, it is bred in urban and roadside plantings.
Forms with large sweet fruits were selected from wild-growing mountain ash; as a result of crossbreeding with mountain ash, species of whole-leaved mountain ash, hawthorn and medlar, I. V. Michurin obtained such well-known varieties as Burka, Granatnaya and Likernaya.

Scotch pine- Pinus sylvestris L. - an evergreen coniferous tree up to 40 m tall from the pine family (Pinaceae). Leaves (needles) up to 7 cm long, arranged in pairs. Male spikelets are crowded at the base of annual shoots, and female cones develop 1-3 at the top of the shoot (before pollination they are upright, later - drooping). Mature cones are broadly conical, gray-brown, scales are spatulate, with a rhombic shield, which fold outward when ripe. Seeds oblong-ovate, 3-4 mm long, with a wing 3 times longer than the seed. Cones ripen in late autumn in the second year after pollination.
Distributed in the European part of the USSR and Siberia. In the Non-Chernozem region it is found everywhere. Forms extensive forests, pure or mixed with other species (especially spruce and oak), mainly on soils of light mechanical composition. It also grows in raised bogs, but in a depressed state.
Valuable economic breed. Durable and light resinous wood is widely used in housing and hydraulic engineering construction, in aircraft building, shipbuilding, car building and joinery and furniture production. Pine sawdust is used as a raw material for the production of hydrolytic alcohol. During the dry distillation of wood, pine tar, resin, turpentine and rosin are obtained. The last two components are also extracted from resin obtained by cutting trees. Turpentine and rosin are used in the paint and varnish industry. In addition, the rubber, soap and paper industries need rosin; it is rubbed on the bows of stringed musical instruments.
Coniferous shoots of pine (pine foot), containing essential oil, are used in perfumery. From them, an extract for baths is obtained, which has a calming effect on the nervous system. The needles contain essential oil (up to 1.14%), vitamin C (up to 300 mg%), vitamin K, carotene. Infusion of coniferous branches is a good remedy for preventing scurvy and other vitamin deficiencies.
In medicine, purified turpentine (mixed with lard or petroleum jelly) is used for compresses and rubbing with neuralgia, sciatica, rheumatism, gout and diseases of the upper respiratory tract as a locally irritating external distraction. It is also used for inhalation as a disinfectant and deodorant. Terpinhydrate is synthesized from turpentine - an expectorant. Tar is a part of disinfecting and wound healing ointments.
Pine roots, like spruce, fir, are unusually flexible: a fresh root can easily be tied into a knot without fear of breaking it. When dry, it becomes elastic and strong. This property is used in the manufacture of various wicker utensils - salt shakers, cereals, baskets.

Rice. 4. Black poplar

Black poplar, or black poplar, - Populus nigra L. - a tall tree, reaching 30 m, with a spreading crown and a powerful straight trunk up to 1 m thick from the willow family (Salicaceae). The leaves are broadly triangular, with a drawn sharp apex on long, laterally flattened petioles in the upper part (Fig. 4). Plants are dioecious. The flowers are collected in cylindrical catkins (male-6-9 cm long, female-up to 12 cm). The fruit is a capsule that opens into two doors. Seeds are small, with tufts of fine hairs at the base. Blossoms in April - May, seeds ripen in June.
Distributed in the European part of the USSR, in the Caucasus, southern Siberia, Kazakhstan and Central Asia. It occurs only in the southern half of the territory of the Non-Chernozem region. Grows on sandy and pebble deposits in river valleys. It is bred in settlements, along the banks of reservoirs, and is used to fix ravines.
Soft and light wood is used for small crafts (spoons, bowls, troughs, etc.), joinery, crates; it can serve as a raw material for the production of pulp and paper. The bark, containing up to 9% tannins and the dye chrysin, can be used for tanning and dyeing leather yellow; it can also be used to make floats for fishing tackle. Previously, poplar bark and buds were used to dye fabrics in various shades of yellow and brown.
In medicine, poplar leaf buds are used as an antipyretic, antiseptic and sedative. The sedative buds and leaves can be used in baths. "Poplar ointment" from the kidneys is used to treat hemorrhoids, burns, ulcers, trichomonas colpitis, staphylococcal and fungal skin lesions. The buds contain an essential oil and are used in perfumery and the soap industry. A sticky, resinous substance secreted by buds and leaves is collected and processed by bees into propolis.
Common bird cherry - Padus avium Mill. - a tree, sometimes growing bushy, from the Rosaceae family, with sharp elliptical leaves and very fragrant white flowers, collected in long drooping brushes.
The fruits are black, globular drupes, 7-8 mm across, sweet but always astringent. Blossoms in May, fruits ripen in July - August.
In the USSR, it is distributed in the northern half of the European part, in the Caucasus, in Western Siberia, in the mountains of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. Very common in the Non-Black Earth region. Grows on rich soils with flowing moisture, usually along ravines, slopes, banks and river valleys, where it often forms continuous thickets; occurs as single trees in the undergrowth of forests of different composition, but rarely blooms and bears fruit under the canopy.
Bird cherry fruits contain sugars, malic and citric acids, tannins and essential oil. They are eaten fresh, as well as for the preparation of kissels, various drinks, as a filling for pies.
For long-term storage, the fruits are dried and ground together with the seeds into flour, which is added to various bakery products and sweet dishes. Fruits, flowers, and especially leaves contain benzoic aldehyde, which makes them volatile; the leaves also contain up to 280 mg% of vitamin C. Bird cherry fruits are an excellent fixing agent, a decoction of them is used as a cure for diarrhea. Flowers, fruits and leaves can also be used as an antimicrobial agent. In folk medicine, an infusion of bird cherry fruits is used for inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eyes, and a decoction of the bark is used as a diuretic and diaphoretic.
Bird cherry bark can be used for dyeing fabrics and leathers in green and red-brown tones, and yellowish-brown elastic wood - for carpentry. Bird cherry is very decorative and widely bred in cities and towns. Good honey plant.
forest apple tree- Malus sylvestris Mill. - a small tree from the Rosaceae family, with a spreading crown and usually thorny branches. The leaves are elliptical, with a pointed apex, dark green, pubescent when blooming, later glabrous. Large (up to 4 cm in diameter) white flowers are collected in loose shields located on shortened shoots. Fruits up to 5 cm in diameter, yellow-green or reddening from one side. Blossoms in May, fruits ripen in August - September.
Distributed in the USSR on the territory of the European part, mainly in the regions of the Non-Black Earth Region. It is usually found as single trees in forests of different composition, but mostly deciduous; grows well, blooms and bears fruit in open places - edges and clearings. In the southern half of the European part of the USSR, the early apple tree is common - Malus praecox (Pall.) Borkh. - a species close to the forest apple tree, differing from it in a denser pubescence of leaves and calyx. In the forest-steppe regions, the early apple tree often forms small massifs, growing on
cutting areas and slopes and settling under the canopy of sparse oak forests.
Both species are identical in their properties and economic use. Their fruits contain up to 16% sugars, organic acids, pectin, vitamins A, C and B, calcium and iron salts. Apple fruits are commonly used by the population to make kvass, compote and apple cider vinegar; they can be a good raw material for the industrial production of jelly, marshmallow and marmalade; are used for the manufacture of drugs containing malic acid iron and prescribed for anemia.
The pinkish-brown wood of the apple tree is used in turning and small crafts. Like almost all representatives of the Rosaceae family, the apple tree is a good honey plant; in spring, bees take abundant nectar and pollen bribes from it. The fruits serve as food for wild animals.
Wild apple species have served as starting material for breeding work and are known as resistant rootstocks for many cultivars.

sugar maple

A large slender tree from 20 to 25 m tall with a rounded or ovoid crown up to 15 m wide and gray bark. The leaves of the sugar maple are five-lobed, pointed, rarely toothed, bronze-green when blooming, light green in summer, whitish below, pale yellow in autumn. The plant blooms to foliage with lemon-yellow flowers. Maple sugar is durable, hardy, very shade-tolerant.

Linden

Linden blackbark

American linden, or black linden (T. americana). A tree up to 40 m tall with a broadly ovoid crown and dark, almost black bark. The leaves are broadly oval, up to 20 cm long, heart-shaped at the base, serrated. The flowers are large (up to 1.5 cm in diameter), collected in inflorescences of 6-15 pcs. Black linden inflorescences drooping. It grows relatively slowly. Warm look.

Linden Caucasian

(T. caucasica). Tree up to 40 m tall with a rounded or broadly ovate crown. Young shoots of Caucasian linden are purple-red. The leaves are large (up to 14 cm long), broadly oval. The upper side of the leaves is dark green, the back side is bluish, with tufts of whitish hairs near the veins. Inflorescences drooping with light yellow flowers. Flowering is plentiful.

Linden felt

Or silver linden (T. tomentosa). A slender tree up to 30 m tall, with silvery foliage and a regular, broad-pyramidal or oval crown. The main distinguishing feature of felted linden is the leaves: rounded, up to 12 cm long, dark green above, slightly fluffy at the beginning of development, whitish-felt on the underside, on felt-pubescent petioles. In bright sunlight, the edges of the sheet, curving, show a silvery underside.

Catalpa

Catalpa is magnificent

(C. speciosa) - a slender tree with a wide pyramidal crown, grows up to 30 meters in height. The leaves are large, green. Numerous creamy-white flowers up to 7 cm long form wide paniculate inflorescences. The most winter-hardy member of the genus.

catalpa bignoniformes

Or common Catalpa (C. crenata) - compact, up to 10 meters in height, a tree, less often a shrub. It grows rapidly and begins to bear fruit earlier than most species. It is exacting to humidity of air and the soil. It has many decorative forms, including:

weeping - with drooping shoots;

edible - with large, tasty fruits.

Sycamore

The name comes from the Greek "platos", which translates as wide. The plane tree is a powerful tree with a branching trunk reaching 50 m in height. At the same time, it can have a trunk diameter of up to 6 m with a crown circumference of up to 18 m. Plane tree leaves resemble maple leaves. Their petioles are elongated. Stipules cover the shoot in the form of a collar. Flowers appear at the same time or a little later with the leaves. They are collected in single-sex heads. There are male (yellow) and female (red) inflorescences on the tree. Young leaves and shoots are covered with downy pile. With gusts of wind, it breaks off and is carried by the wind. In places where sycamore grows in large numbers, this fluff clumps into flakes in the spring and soars in the air. It is believed that it can cause irritation of the mucous membrane. The leaves fall for the winter, but the seeds remain until spring. The fruit is a complex nut, it is divided into parts in the spring. The seeds are provided with a small "plumage" of hairs, which facilitates their dispersal with the wind.

Fir

Balsam fir

(A. balsamea). Tree from 15 to 25 m tall with a symmetrical, dense, low-drooping, pin-shaped crown. The bark of young plants is ash gray, then reddish brown; young shoots of balsam fir are green, then also red-brown. The branches are collected in whorls and arranged in tiers. The needles are shiny, dark green, very fragrant; young cones are dark purple. Fir balsam shade-tolerant, frost-resistant, grows rapidly. The lower branches of balsam fir root easily. Balsam fir grows in North America and Canada (the most common fir in North America). Balsam fir is distinguished by a clear balsamic aroma of needles.

Korean fir

(A. korean). Tree from 5 to 8 (15) m tall and 2 to 3 m wide with a wide cone-shaped crown. Korean fir branches are arranged in layers. In young plants, the bark is ash-gray, with a purple tint; shoots are yellowish, also with a purple tint. Korean fir needles are dense, dark green, hard, silvery below. Korean fir bears fruit abundantly at a young age; the plant produces numerous purple cones. Korean fir cones are erect, cylindrical, 4-7 cm long. Korean fir is winter-hardy.

white fir

Or kidney (A. nephrolepis). Tree up to 20 (rarely 30) m tall with a dense cone-shaped crown. The bark of young trees is very light, almost white, darkens later; young shoots are yellowish. White fir is winter-hardy and shade-tolerant; is growing rapidly. White fir is distinguished by the contrast of the dark crown and light bark, drooping branches and decorative cones.

Nut

Walnut black

A beautiful, powerful, fast-growing and durable tree, up to 50 m high with a wide-spreading, low-hanging crown. The bark is deeply fissured, almost black. Young shoots are fluffy, later glabrous. Leaves pinnate, up to 50 cm long, consisting of 15-23 leaflets. Leaflets are oblong-lanceolate, pointed at the end, finely dentate along the edges, glabrous above (pubescent only at the beginning of development), sparsely pubescent below. In summer the leaves are light green, in autumn they are bright yellow. Male catkins 6-15 cm long, female flowers 3-5 in racemes. The fruits are spherical or pear-shaped, pubescent shell, nut up to 6 cm in diameter, with a dark brown, sharply furrowed round or ovoid shell, with a shortly pointed apex.

Manchurian walnut

(Juglans mandshurica Maxim) is a representative of the Far Eastern flora, a large sprawling tree reaching a height of 25-30 m, can withstand temperatures down to -50 ° C, has a short growing season, so it can be cultivated in the most climatically unfavorable areas and on different soils. A clear proof of this is that it has taken root very well even in my heavy swamp. The tree is wind-resistant, as it has a powerful root system, forms a long taproot, which increases drought resistance. However, in areas with close standing groundwater, when planting a seedling, this root must still be cut. The plant has an even gray trunk, strong wood with a beautiful solid structure. It is used for the manufacture of furniture, art products. The leaves are large, reach a length of 1 m or more. Blooms with long male catkins and small female tassels. Ties 3-7 fruits per brush. The fruits have a somewhat elongated shape with a pointed top. In our climatic conditions, it ripens by mid-September. Enters fruiting for 6 years from planting, gradually increasing the yield. From one adult tree, you can collect 30-40 kg of fruit.

Siebold Walnut

Its height reaches twenty-five meters, and its diameter is about half a meter. The thick bark of the Siebold walnut has a dark gray or grayish-brown color, along it there are deep cracks of the longitudinal direction. Young branches differ in color, they are red-brown-green, have a dense omission, thick. Siebold's walnut leaves are quite large, of various shapes, mostly pointed. In length, the leaves can reach twelve centimeters, about seven in width. The emerging nut is no more than four centimeters long and has two longitudinal ribs. It chooses the southern sides of broad-leaved forests for growth, it can grow in single or group plantings. Almost all parts of the Siebold nut are used in folk medicine.

Chestnut

sowing chestnut

Or European Chestnut (C. sativa) - a tall tree growing up to 35 meters in height. It is exacting to a microclimate, in favorable conditions it is very durable. It is considered one of the most beautiful deciduous trees due to its majestic crown shape and large, spectacular light green leaves, which acquire a pure yellow color in autumn.

The softest chestnut

Or Chinese Chestnut (C. mollissima) - a plant adapted to the highland climate. It reaches a height of 20 meters, has a beautiful spreading crown. Fruiting begins at the age of 6-8 years. The tree is valued for its decorative effect, and its fruits - for their high taste.

Chinkapin

(C. pumila) - relatively low, up to 15 meters, tree or shrub. The species is resistant to cold and dryness of the soil, undemanding to the composition of the soil. Relatively resistant to pests and diseases.

shrubs

Juniper

Common juniper

(J. communis). Strictly vertical shrub or tree from 3 to 8 m tall and 1 to 3 m wide, with dense or openwork foliage. Common juniper grows slowly. The fruits are small, blue or black, not poisonous. The needles of the common juniper are needle-shaped, bluish-green, pointed, trihedral. Common juniper is sun-loving (it thins in the shade), tolerates high temperatures, and is frost-resistant.

Juniper Cossack

(J. sabina). Small, flat, prostrate shrub 0.5 to 1.5 m tall and 2 to 3 m wide. Shoots are numerous, raised. The growth rate of juniper Cossack is average. The fruits of the Cossack juniper (small black-brown berries with a bluish bloom) are very poisonous. The needles of the Cossack juniper are usually scaly, sometimes needle-shaped; very fragrant, dark green. All parts of the Cossack juniper are poisonous. The root system is very deep. Juniper Cossack grows in the sun, adapts easily; very resistant to high temperatures, winter-hardy and wind-resistant. It grows on almost any, not very fertile and not very heavy soils (from dry to fresh and from acidified to strongly alkaline).

Red cedar

"Pencil tree" (J. virginiana). Slender, vertically growing large shrub or small tree 7 to 12 m tall and 4 to 6 m wide. The shape of this type of juniper depends on the variety. Initially, the plant is compact and conical, then it becomes wider, asymmetrical and openwork. The branches of juniper virginsky are bent up. The average growth rate is 20-25 cm per year. The berries are bluish-white with a bluish bloom. The needles of the virgin juniper are usually scaly (needle-shaped in the shade), richly dark or gray-green; turns dark red in winter. The root system is pivotal, sensitive. Virginian juniper grows only in the sun, tolerates high temperatures, is winter-hardy, drought- and wind-resistant. Easily adaptable. Juniper virginian soils prefer fresh light clayey, loamy limestone and sandy soils. Juniper virginiana tolerates shearing and is suitable for topiary art. Old free-growing plants have a picturesque crown shape.

Juniper rocky

(J. scopulorum). Shrub or small tree 10 to 18 in height. The rocky juniper crown is asymmetric, spherical, starting almost from the base. Young shoots are light or bluish green. Rocky juniper leaves are mostly scaly. The berries are dark blue, with a blue bloom. Rocky juniper is photophilous, in the shade it loses its decorative effect. In addition, the plant is windy, requires planting in a protected place, and rocky juniper can also suffer due to heavy snowfalls. In appearance, rocky juniper is close to virginian juniper, but its branches are thinner and tougher.

Hazel

common hazel

(C. avellana). Large vertical multi-stemmed shrub with a wide crown from 4 to 6 m in height and width. Common hazel (hazel) blooms before the leaves bloom, in early spring the trees are decorated with golden earrings. The leaves of common hazel are slightly lobed, dull, light below; turn yellow in autumn. At first, common hazel grows slowly, then faster.

Hazel tree

Or bearnut (C. colurna). A tree of medium size from 12 to 20 m high and from 6 to 8 m wide with a slender trunk and a regular wide pyramidal crown. The bark of the tree-like whitish-gray, leaves in plates. Grows slowly. In autumn, the leaves of the tree-like hazel become golden yellow or green-yellow. The fruits of the tree-like hazel are peculiar, with a wrapper, dissected into thin, sharp, jagged lobes. Tree hazel or bear nut is easily adaptable, drought tolerant, undemanding.

hazel horned

(C. cornuta). Shrub up to 3 m tall with a dense crown. The leaves of the horned hazel are oval or obovate, pointed, finely serrated, slightly pubescent below; yellow in autumn. Outwardly, the wrapper of the fruits of the horned hazel resembles a horn, for which it got its name.

boxwood

Boxwood evergreen

(B. sempervirens). In nature, it grows up to 15 m in height, in culture it is more often a shrub from 3 to 6 m in height and from 1.5 to 3 m in width. Evergreen boxwood leaves are oval, fragrant, leathery, dark green above, lighter below, almost yellow; flowers are small, fragrant, yellowish-green.

Landing and care.

Planting wild trees and shrubs is relatively easy. A hole is dug in the ground, slightly larger than the diameter of the root system of the seedling. The pit must be watered, and the earth from the pit should be moistened. Put the seedling in the hole, making sure that the roots do not have tension and are located freely. Place the moistened earth tightly between the roots in the same order in which it was taken out of the pit. The turf should be on top. Tamp the soil firmly around the seedling. Attention! The root neck of the seedling should be above ground level.

Care for properly planted plants is not required. Only in case of drought, plants can be watered at the rate of 50 liters of water per adult tree.

Every gardener tries to create a unique design in his garden. In addition to flowers, it is necessary to plant fruit and ornamental trees and shrubs. Thanks to such landings, it becomes possible not only improve the site but also to create recreation areas in it. Shrubs cultivated and wild can be used as a green hedge. But when choosing, it is better to focus on zoned cultures.

Features of the choice of shrubs

Shrubs that are popular with gardeners are divided into cultivated and wild plants. It should be understood that varietal plants require increased attention, but wild shrubs are less whimsical.

Choosing ornamental shrubs is not so easy. After all, these plantings should perform various functions:

• Firstly, to be responsible for aesthetics, attractiveness and beauty throughout the warm season or the whole year: a beautiful crown and decorativeness of flowers and fruits.
• Second, plants must be adapted to the conditions of the region therefore, heat-loving shrubs are not grown in harsh conditions.
• Thirdly, be unpretentious in care.

When choosing seedlings, preference is given to plants no older than a year. Immediately you need to consider how shrubs change in a few years. Therefore, you need to understand whether they have enough space for normal development.

Choosing plants for planting in the garden, you need to pay attention to the root system. Better take root container seedlings because they have a closed root system. Plants should be planted in early spring, before active sap flow begins, or in late autumn after leaf fall.

Cultivated and wild shrubs differ in height and flowering time. This should also be taken into account when choosing.

cultural species

Choose decorative bushes to decorate the garden according to different principles.

But most often, preference is given to plants that at different times of the year are covered with hats of flowers that spread a unique aroma. First, cultivated shrubs that need to be looked after will be considered:

wild plants for the garden

Wild shrubs have long attracted gardeners with their decorative and unpretentious care:

• Euonymus. An ornamental shrub growing in central Russia is beautiful at any time of the year. Breeders based on wild plants created new species. The creeping euonymus is especially appreciated, the height of which is not more than 20 cm. Shrubs can be planted in separate groups under tall plants or decorate an alpine hill with them.
• Kalina. A wild-growing shrub, pleasing with its lush white inflorescences in early spring, and in autumn with tassels of red berries, many gardeners will like it. This plant is a real find for summer residents who do not have time to visit the site daily. Kalina is not afraid of frost, can grow in the shade or in the sun. Of the difficulties of growing, it should be noted the exactingness of the shrub for irrigation and the defeat of aphids. Viburnum fruits are valued for their richness in vitamins.
• Rose hip. Rose hips are called cultivated and wild roses. But if there is a lot of trouble with cultivated plants, then wild plants are unpretentious. In addition to decorativeness, the plant benefits: red fruits have useful properties. Flowers up to 8 cm in diameter, can be simple and double with various pink hues. Moreover, flowering continues all summer. In autumn, the bushes look especially beautiful: against the background of yellowing foliage, the berries look like burning coals. Rosehip is unpretentious in care, but you need to constantly cut the shoots so that it does not spread over the entire area. It begins to bloom at the age of three years.

There are a large number of wild and cultivated bushes. It is impossible to cover all of them in one article. Each gardener decides for himself which plants to decorate his site. The main thing is to choose such cultures that will not cause much trouble. For example, barberry, forsythia, action, cotoneaster or chokeberry. It's up to you to decide.